World Veterinarian Prize Quiz - 2

Indications of post-mortem

⇨ Insurance cases

⇨ Legal cases

⇨ Diagnostic post-mortems –  If more mortality is there

➡️  Need to plan treatment strategy

➡️  Need to plan prevention strategy

➡️  Need to collect samples for investigations

➡️  Try to read hidden message from dead to live

 

    Insurance cases

  

Ø  ⇨ In this we want to give some favour to farmers to get compensation from company,

Ø  ⇨ We have to write such disease conditions in which his insurance claims should not be rejected.

Ø  ⇨ We are in search of findings which can befit in claim policies.

Ø  ⇨ More or less we are giving some acute uncurable conditions in insurance cases.

    Conditions generally written in insurance cases

          A.   Acute tympani / bloat

          B.   Grain engorgement/ acidosis

          C.   Pneumonia –bronchopneumonia

          D.   Snake bites

          E.   Nonspecific Septicaemia & toxaemia

          F.    Foreign body syndrome

 

   Understanding the sets of lesions

 ⇨ Each pathological conditions, which causes death will behaving typical patterns of sets of lesions

⇨ These Sets are most of the time are fixed, little changes may be their but almost other fixed lesions must be observed in that particular disease conditions.

 

Example of one set 

⇨  Pale mucous membranes

⇨  Pale subcutaneous tissues

⇨  White froth in trachea

⇨  Edema of lung

⇨  Excess of pericardial fluid in pericardium

⇨  Clear fluid in body cavities

⇨  Chicken fat clot in heart chamber and major blood vessels

 

 

Ø  ⇨  Gelatinous transformation of all adipose tissues. (mesentery, omentum, pericardial, perirenal etc.)

Ø  ⇨ Pale and fibrosedliver

Ø  ⇨  Pale and swollen kidney

Ø  ⇨  Thick and nodular lesions in intestines

Ø  ⇨  All these lesions are of anemia and long standing enteropathiae/ cirrhosis/ inanation

 

A.  Tympani

Ø    ⇨ Rib impressions on Surface of liver due to enlargement of rumen before death of animals.

Ø    ⇨ Mesenteric blood vessels are engorged with blood

Ø    ⇨ Eyes open, mouth open

Ø    ⇨ Rumen filled with trapped bubbles of gas upto deep ingesta.

 

 

Ø   ⇨Posterior vena-cava engorged with blood

Ø   ⇨ Lungs collapsed but major blood vessels are engorged with blood

Ø   ⇨ Heart chamber scanty of blood clots.

 

B.  Grain engorgement/ acidosis

Ø    ⇨ Most of the lesions are non-specific toxaemia

Ø    ⇨Congested mucous membranes

Ø    ⇨ Congested microvasculature in subcutaneous tissues , serosae and mucosae of intestines, rumen , lungs, heart

Ø    ⇨Liver swollen congested

Ø    ⇨Kidney congested

 

 

Ø    ⇨ Rumen papillae pilled off easily and sometimes sloughed down on the engorged grains

Ø    ⇨Better to measure pH at least by pH paper.

Ø    ⇨ Severe congestion and haemorrhages on ruminal mucosa with focal pinpoint haemorrhages on tips of papillae.

Ø    ⇨ Heart chambers empty, haemorrhages

 

 

C.  Pneumonia

 

Ø    ⇨ Trachea congested–terminal portion filled with froth and exudates sero-fibrinous, purulent, fibrinous clots etc.

Ø    ⇨ Lungs severely congested, consolidated, different patches of hepatisation must be observed.

Ø    ⇨ Heart–pericardium will have excess of fluid and sometime fibrinous clots. Empty left chamber of scanty of blood clots.

 

 

Ø    ⇨ Mediastinal lymph nodes –swollen, congested, oedematous

Ø    ⇨ Serous, fibrinous fluid in thoracic cavity

Ø    ⇨ Sometimes adhesions of parietal surface of pleura to thoracic wall/ muscles.

Ø    ⇨ Liver –swollen / may be contracted/ fibrotic depending on duration of pneumonia.

Ø    ⇨ Kidney swollen

 

D.  Snake bites

Ø    ⇨ Fang mark should be there-many times complaints are there fang marks are not visible.

Ø    ⇨ In such conditions you need to search for fang marks throughout the skin and subcutaneous tissues.

Ø    ⇨ Generally 1.0 to 1.5 feet areas to be searched from ground level

Ø    ⇨ If animal was in sitting position then need to search sub cutaneoustissues of neck, thorax abdomen and shoulder and thigh region.

Ø    ⇨ If snake bite was there in standing position then need to search skin of udder/ muzzle/ mouth / tongue/ knee joints etc.

 

Ø    ⇨ Based on toxins post-mortem lesions are vary.

Ø    ⇨ Krait –neurotoxic only-no any lesions-slow death (2-3 days) after bite.

Ø    ⇨ Cobra-death within 30 to 60 minutes

Ø    ⇨ Russell viper –30 to 45 minutes

Ø    ⇨ First bite/ second bite/ third bites make a difference in a death of animals 

Ø    ⇨ Cobra and viper are showing almost similar types of lesions-as both the poisons are having lecithinasein their poison.

Ø    ⇨ Hemolysis-serosanguinous/ cyanotic fluids in all body cavities and near the site of bite.

Ø    ⇨ Oedema formation / necrosis due to damage to vascular endothelium.

 

Ø    ⇨ severe congestion, edema, hemorrhages, cyanosis of lungs.

Ø    ⇨ Pericardium with reddish / cyanotic fluid

Ø    ⇨ Hemorrhages on epicardiumand endocardium–left chambers are generally empty.

Ø    ⇨ Pin point hemorrhages on all serosalsurfaces.

Ø    ⇨ Liver kidney swollen and cyanotic.

 

E.  Septicemia and toxemia

 

Ø    ⇨ Almost noticed in all febrile conditions before death.

Ø    ⇨ Congestion will be observed from mucous membranes to all serosae and mucosae of all tubular/ hollow organs.

Ø    ⇨ Congestion and swelling of all solid organs with pin point haemorrhages.

Ø    ⇨ Left chamber empty or having scanty of blood clots.

 

F.   Foreign body syndrome

 

Ø    ⇨ Penetrating foreign body must be there

Ø    ⇨ Adhesions, fibrosis, suppuration, organizing pericarditis should be there

Ø    ⇨ Adhesions of reticulum to diaphragm and pericardium

Ø    ⇨Focal adhesions of lungs, focal and lobular consolidation of lungs

 

 

For Legal cases continue…

 

Special Thanks to:

Dr. D.S. Suryawanshi

                                                                                                         Director

Omega Laboratories